Chapter 1 Exercises

1.5. Chapter 1 Exercises#

Exercise 1.1

Determine the type, order, degree, linearity and homogeneity of the following differential equations:

equation

type

order

degree

linearity

homogeneity

\(\displaystyle \diff{y}{x}=4x^2 - y\)

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\(\displaystyle \diff[2]{y}{x} - \left(\diff{y}{x}\right)^2 + 12xy=0\)

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\(\displaystyle \left(\diff{y}{x}\right)^2 + x \diff{y}{x} - 3y^2=0\)

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\(\displaystyle x\diff[2]{y}{x}-5\diff{y}{x}+3xy=\sin x\)

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\(\displaystyle \pdiff[2]{u}{x}+\pdiff[2]{u}{y}=0\)

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\(\displaystyle \pdiff{u}{t}+\pdiff{u}{x}=0\)

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\(\displaystyle \pdiff{u}{t}+u\pdiff{u}{x}=0\)

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\(\displaystyle \pdiff{u}{t}=\pdiff[2]{u}{x}\)

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Exercise 1.2

Find the general solution to the following separable ODEs

  1. \(\displaystyle y\dy = x \dx\)

  2. \(\displaystyle \diff{y}{x}=y \ln y\)

  3. \(\displaystyle y' = \frac{x^2}{y}\)

  4. \(\displaystyle y'=\frac{x^2}{y(1+x^3)}\)

  5. \(\displaystyle xy'=\sqrt{1-y^2}\)

  6. \(\displaystyle \diff{y}{x}=\frac{x-e^{-x}}{y+e^{y}}\)

  7. \(\displaystyle \diff{y}{x}=\frac{x^2}{1+y^2}\)

  8. \(\displaystyle y'=\frac{2-e^x}{3+2y}\)

Exercise 1.3

Solve the following initial value problems defined by separable ODEs

  1. \(\displaystyle \diff{y}{x}=2xy\), \(y(0)=1\)

  2. \(y^2 \dx + (x+1) \dy=0 \), \(y(0)=1\)

  3. \(\displaystyle \diff{P}{t}=rP\left(1-\frac{P}{M}\right)\), \(P(0)=P_0\), \(r\) and \(M\) are constants, and \(0<P\ll M\).

Exercise 1.4

Solve the following homogeneous ODEs for \(y=y(x)\), \(x\in\R\)

  1. \(y''+y=0 \)

  2. \(y'''+3y''+3y'+y=0\)

  3. \(2y''-5y'-3y=0\)

  4. \(y''-10y'+25y=0\)

  5. \(20y''+4y'+y=0\)

Exercise 1.5

Solve the following non-homogeneous ODEs for \(y=y(x)\), \(x \in \R\)

  1. \(y''+3y'+2y=2e^{3x}\)

  2. \(y''+3y'+2y=x^2\)

  3. \(y'''+6y''+11y'+6y=\cos 5x\)

Exercise 1.6

Solve the following initial value problems for \(y=y(x)\), \(x \in [0, \infty)\)

  1. \(y'=y+x\), \(y(0)=1\)

  2. \(y'=-y+x+1\), \(y(0)=1\)

  3. \(y'=-40y+40x+1\), \(y(0)=4\)

  4. \(y'=-100y+\cos x\), \(y(0)=1\)

  5. \(y''=-20y'-19y\), \(y(0)=2\), \(y'(0)=-20\)